Issues Related To The Development Of Adolescence Social Work Essay Example

Issues Related To The Development Of Adolescence Social Work Essay Covering with issues related to the development of adolescence is a challenge for even the most mainstream of immature people. For those immature misss who identify as sapphic, the state of affairs they are traveling to confront will be more complicated than they can of all time conceive of. As members of a stigmatized minority group, immature tribades are frequently marginalized and oppressed. The supportive systems available for their heterosexual equals are frequently unwelcoming to sexual minority young persons, go forthing them without critical resources necessary for healthy mental and physical development ( T. S. Davis et Al, 2010 ) . In order to obtain appropriate mental wellness services, certain demands and jobs should be applied peculiarly to immature tribades. Problems they will run into. Different from their heterosexual female equals, immature tribades life experience is exacerbated by the normal societal universe: they are excluded, bullied and pathologised merely because of their sapphic individualities ; every bit good as sing the external and internal oppressive effects. See immature tribades are passing most of their clip at schools, the troubles they experience are largely manifested in facet of equal relationships and school societal environments. Researches analyzing the battles faced by sexual minority young persons in school scenes include, a non-accepting school environment for sexual minority young persons ( Rutter and Leech, 2006 ) , dominate antigay beliefs with victimization ( Mayberry, 2006 ) , etc. More comprehensive survey on psychological experiences of sapphic striplings at school cited that they are at higher hazard for substance maltreatment, physical and sexual maltreatment, emotional isolation, school dropout, low self-esteem, bad or self- abusive activities, and sexually familial disease ( Black, J. , A ; Underwood, J. 1998 ) . Furthermore, homophobic experiences lead to hapless school public presentation and contribute significantly to mental wellness jobs, substance maltreatment, legal struggles and run-away behaviour ( Remafedi, 1987 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Issues Related To The Development Of Adolescence Social Work specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Issues Related To The Development Of Adolescence Social Work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Issues Related To The Development Of Adolescence Social Work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer From the facet of psychological development, adolescence is a clip of physiological revolution for the adolescent ( Erikson, 1968 ) . Searching for her ain personal individuality, a teenage miss is at her important developmental phase of individuality versus function confusion crisis. Essential elements that contribute to sweetening of the adolescent psychological wellbeing during this phase of development involve friendly relationships, societal experiences and important others. Hetrick and Martin ( 1987 ) stated from their survey that tantrum in with their equals and derive equal blessing frequently becomes an all-consuming undertaking. Positive societal interaction among pupils in the school environment normally leads healthy psychosocial development in striplings. Undeniable, sapphic striplings are confronting the same developmental undertakings and crises that all young persons face. However, their developmental procedures are immensely complicated by homophobic, oppressive, sch ool environments ( Deisher, 1989 ) . Many increased stressors suffered by sexual minority young persons are finally tied to psychological hurt ( D Augelli, Pilkington, A ; Hershberger, 2002 ; Elze, 2005 ) . A turning sum of researches emphrasize the pressing mental wellness demands in sexual minority population, particularly for adolescents ( Davis, T. , 2010 ; Swann, S. , 2004 ; May, B. , 2010, etc ) . Major grounds for seeking mental wellness service among immature tribades are depression, relationship issues, and emphasis, anxiousness every bit good as aid to cover with being homosexual ( Roberts. S, 2004 ) . Studies researching the grounds behind noted that the secrecy about being a sapphic, covering with sexual individuality, self-stigma, and being a member of a stigmatized group lead to anxiousness and depression. These grounds were peculiarly true for striplings ( Paroski, 1987 ) . Furthermore, Cochran ( 2001 ) found that, gay work forces and tribades are at a greater lif e-time hazard for major depression and self-destruction, particularly during adolescence. Although mental wellness issues as such, are normally shared by sexual minority people around the universe, there are other issues refering certain cultural contexts should non be ignored. Chinese Background There is a little but respectable size of literature about mental wellness of Asiatic tribades and gay work forces much less is about lives of Asiatic tribades. Harmonizing to these limited surveies, Chinese tribades are sing greater troubles, compared with their Western opposite numbers. ( Harada, 2001 ; Jones, 2007 ; Poon A ; Ho, 2008 ; Wong A ; Tang, 2004 ) . In Chinese societies, there are norms that are characterized by deeply deep-rooted cultural attitudes which against same-sex attractive force, particularly for females. Harmonizing to Confucian impressions, a girl is expected to obtain her individuality from relationships with work forces, executing familial functions, get marrieding to a adult male and giving birth to kids. As for tribades, it is non possible for them to follow the duties. They are traveling to populate wholly different manner of lives, and trim attempts toward self credence, ego development and ego fulfilling. However, the procedure is frequently painful. With those cultural constructs, immature tribades will meet multi- stressors, e.g. , internalized heterosexism, self-stigma, societal and psychological isolation, etc ( Pizza Ka-Yee Chow, 2010 ) . Among them, the manifestations of self-aware emotions ( e.g. , shame, guilt ) differ markedly between individualistic and collectivized civilizations, which farther indi cate the of import of analyzing issues of tribades in Chinese civilization background. ( Eid A ; Diener, 2001 ; Kitayama, Markus, A ; Matrumoto, 1995 ) . Shame experience, in comparing with Western civilizations, is more omnipresent within Chinese civilization. Furthermore, distinguished from individualists who recognize themselves to be alone and independent leftists tend to see their egos as interrelated and mutualist with each other ( Markus A ; Kitayama, 1991 ) . Collectivists are more likely influenced by people who are close to them instead than those are more distant in relationship. Hence, in Chinese societies, it is much harder for immature tribades to place themselves without sentiments of their important others, most notably, parents. This leads to another related experience among tribades societal and psychological isolation, which worsen their state of affairs during phase of adolescent psychological development. Many western researches analyzing issues related to mental wellness services and their clinical usage within immature tribades have been conducted in the past two decennaries, supplying valuable and impactful inspirations for service planning in the hereafter. Roberts. S, et Al ( 2004 ) explored issues related to mental wellness jobs and usage of services of tribades, followed the Boston Health Project II, emphrasizing that resources for sapphic striplings are of particular concern as they are a alone high hazard population. Feasible suggestions for service planning were discussed in this survey, a ) easy accessible mental wellness services in communities, B ) community bureaus such as infirmaries, clinics, churches, YMCAs and other young person groups for self-exploration, support and protagonism, etc, degree Celsius ) school-based mental wellness services. Another most recent survey conducted by Tamara. S. Davis and Susan Saltzburg ( 2010 ) was utilizing the theoretical account of construct function to measure community demands of sexual minority young persons for service planning. Types of supports, every bit good as dominant countries for service planning that most run into the demands of this mark population were successfully generated from conceptual function. Mental wellness related supports, such as supplying them resources and/or entree to mental wellness professionals through formal curative intercession or more informal professionally led support groups, were strongly recommended so that they have opportunities to confide and speak about the many emotions and beliefs that envelop their coming-out procedure. After old ages of protagonism, homosexualism was decriminalized in 1997 in Mainland China. In 2001, homosexualism was eliminated as a diagnostic class in The Criterion of Psychopathic Classification and Diagnosing issued in China. Laging far behind many Western states, nevertheless, the whole Chinese society has been striding frontward to contending for equal societal and legal rights. Among the Chinese communities, Taiwan is seen to be at the head of the development of Tongzhi ( Homosexuality in Chinese ) civilization, Mainland China is new to the motion, and Hong Kong is someplace mediate ( Perspex, 2006 ) . Refering certain historical background, the cultural prejudice against same-sex orientation is believed to be stronger in Mainland China than in the other two societies. In Mainland China, comparison to gay civilization, sapphic ( or Lala in the local linguistic communication ) civilization in mainland China attracts less public attending and still seems unseeable, although it is widely studied in the field of literature ( Yaya, C. , A ; Yiqing, C. 2006 ) . Under enormous external and internal emphasis from the mainstream society, Lalas are at a disadvantage to do a voice in public, allow entirely for those adolescent Lalas. As a consequence, there was one channel, through which they found it a perfect topographic point to be supported, understood and protected from their Tongzhi equals, that is the Internet. Respectable findings from a recent survey conducted by Yaya, C and Yiqing, C ( 2006 ) showed that, sapphic organisations were foremost formed as Internet Communities with the development of the Internet. The first sapphic meeting in populace was held in Beijing in 1997. Since so, more assisting services initiated by fervent sapphic militants have been built up for the sweetening of the wellbeing of Lalas in Mainland China, such as the Purple Phoenix Organization ( by Xiaoxian in 1997 ) , the Beijing Sisters Organization ( 1998 ) with its Telephone Hotline and The Sky Magazine, the Tongyu Group ( by Xiaoxian, 2005 ) and the Shanghai Lesbians ( 2005 ) , etc. Lalas in Mainland China have become progressively seeable, first in chat-rooms and bulletin boards on the Internet, later in some homosexual or assorted bars, and more late in societal assemblages organized by sapphic groups in many large metropoliss, such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, etc, across the state, yet the internet continues to be the most popular meeting topographic point for Lalas in the state ( Kam. L, 2007 ) .There are many celebrated sapphic web sites with big rank, wheras, none of them has a great influence on the big society ( Yaya, C. , A ; Yiqing, C. 2006 ) . Lesbians in Mainland China experience great troubles in whether edifice organisations or running Internet Communities for missing of supports and understanding. As a consequence, many of them are confronting fiscal jobs so that they have to be aborted ( Xian, 2006 ) . Mental wellness demands for tribades Large sum of surveies showed that there s a high proportion of use of mental wellness services among tribades. They are high users of mental wellness services across decennaries ( 80 % in BLHP I vs. 84 % in BLHP II ) ( Sorensen A ; Roberts, 1997 ) . Records of comparative researches show lower rates of therapy use among heterosexual adult females than among tribades ( Cochran A ; Mays, 2000 ; Hughes et al. , 1997 ; Matthews et al. , 2002 ) . These findings give great support to the hypothesis that sapphic civilization promotes the usage of mental wellness professionals ( Morgan. K A ; Eliason. M, 1992 ) , and they are in great demand of accessible and feasible mental wellness services. Furthermore, tribades are more comfy with female, particularly sapphic mental wellness practicians ( Sorensen A ; Roberts, 1997 ) . It is likely that lesbians experience less fearful about unwraping their gender and being viewed every bit pathological as in curative relationship with a female and/o r sapphic. Particularly, refering stripling tribades, who are at their important phase in the development of self-identity ( Erikson, 1959 ) , they are in great demand for mental wellness services, peculiarly in community, school and household scenes ( Rutter and Leech, 2006 ) . In this period, immature tribades are to see tremendous force per unit area from equals, parents and the media to conform to the norm , they will frequently experience unsupported, entirely and burdened. Therefore, as mental wellness professionals, it is pressing to put up a community-based mental wellness service sensitive to the demands of immature tribades to back up them at the most vulnerable clip. Merely in this manner, can they avoid or cut down their troubles associated with many jobs. No affair in what form the sapphic communities are in current Mainland China, their mark service population is either Tongzhis ( both tribades and homosexuals ) , or Lalas or homosexuals individually. There is no more service proviso specifically concentrate on certain different age groups, e.g. stripling tribades, middle aged tribades, etc. It is likely due to the immature and short history of the development of sapphic civilization in China. Furthermore, all the sapphic communities were folk communities, they were organized and built up by sapphic militants who were by and large knowing immature adult females, largely university pupils, alumnuss, etc. Purposes of these organisations including, supply sapphic information and psychological science tutelage for the corresponding group, form treatment about Chinese tribades, strive for more public benefits, and some besides promulgate sapphic cognition on campus, etc. Nevertheless, none of these communities has professional background to truly supply dependable and important cognition, allow entirely mental wellness service to tribades who are truly in demand. They portion common disadvantages as deficiency of relevant experience, every bit good as sufficient and functioning organisation. Therefore, most communities are ephemeral and with small influence among sapphic population, allow entirely the full populace. Target population: immature tribades, chiefly high school pupils, aged from 15- 18 old ages old, who are confused about their ain sexual orientation or holding troubles in developing sexual individuality. Organization composing: Renowned, important and professional Chinese sexologists, sociologists and psychologists, Professional and experienced psychological counsellors and registered societal workers work for adolescence, Lesbian militants and authors, High school instructors from chief metropoliss in Mainland China ( in which Tongzhi civilization is vivacious for tribades and homosexuals, such as Shanghai, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Beijing, etc. ) , Who, Are active in naming for greater apprehension, tolerance for nonconventional sexual attitudes and determinations in China Care about the sweetening of psychological wellbeing of immature tribades in Mainland China Mission: Promote tolerance and apprehension of sexual diverseness in school scenes Bring together the positions of mental wellness practicians, research workers and militants refering to issues of psychological development of stripling tribades. Offer important and dependable information, cognition sing sapphic psychological science Provide professional mental wellness services for immature tribades Enhance psychological wellbeing of immature tribades Influence and promote other bureaus, and parents, to develop their cognition and supply appropriate support to immature tribades. Main responsibilities Conduct probe among general adolescence population and research into the current state of affairs and psychological demands of immature tribades. The intent is to construct up a valuable information base of immature tribades in Mainland China for future mention and surveies. Give preparations to mental wellness professionals. high school instructors included, about issues of gender and sexual orientation. Specific focal point on cognition of the spectrum of human gender and sexual orientation, and on attitudes towards people who are non heterosexual is extremely valued. ( King. M A ; Bartlett. A, 1999 ; MacEwan. I, 1994 ) . High school instructor who are actively in fall ining the organisation will be regarded as the most direct and efficient advocate in supplying mental wellness service in school scenes. Display public service advertisement postings and booklets in topographic points that are available in chosen metropoliss. Set up a web site. Aimed at turn toing the importance of mental wellness of immature tribades every bit good as increasing promotion of the organisation. Arduous as can be imagined, this attempt can merely be made with indorsement and support from the authorities. We assume that those celebrated and important members in the organisation will do it easier to implementing this program. Supply correspondence or e-mail guidance, telephone guidance for immature tribades. Refering immature tribades will do contact by either missive, electronic mail or telephone in response to reading about the Organization on postings, booklets or web site, mental wellness practicians in the Organization are to offer service to those respondents. Help immature tribades to derive peer support. Though the web site, the Organization can ease immature tribades to do contact and correspond with each other to derive more understanding and support and portion their experiences. All publications built by Organization are non sole for heterosexual stripling. This population can besides read and larn more about the positive and comprehensive cognition of sexual orientation and individuality. Upon understanding, immature tribades are more likely to derive the support from their heterosexual striplings which is deemed to be more of import than the support from their sapphic equals ( Slater, 1998 ) . Restrictions

Free Essays on Winter Visitors

As winter approaches, many elderly â€Å"snowbirds† have returned to Florida to enjoy the mild weather. Because of several â€Å"close encounters† with elderly drivers who were driving erratically, the writer wished to discover if those individuals have more accidents than do their younger counterparts. A casual review of the literature shows that older drivers become more crash-prone with age, even though they drive less miles. In addition, because older drivers are more fragile, their fatality rates are 17 times higher than those of 25- to 64-year olds. The problem at hand is the high accident and death rate associated with a large population of elderly drivers. Last year, a woman sitting in the nail salon, enjoying a refreshing manicure looked up to see a bright red Cadillac coming through the shop window, stopping just short of a startled patron. Fortunately, no one was injured. The newspaper report of this incident stated that the 87 year old driver was in a hurry to get to her appointment, and drove into the parking lot at an excessive speed. When she thought she was putting her foot on the brake, she actually stepped on the accelerator and drove through the window. The newspaper also stated that this was not an uncommon cause of similar accidents- thinking that the accelerator pedal was the brake pedal. America is undergoing a major demographic transformation. The â€Å" graying of America† has resulted in an increase in the number of elderly drivers. Drivers over 70 years of age number 18 million today, up from 13 million in 1985. Why do these very experienced drives have such an excessive number of accidents? Although driving seems an easy activity, it actually requires the complex coordination of many different skills. Sometimes, when elderly drivers are the ones behind the wheel, this coordination is hard to accomplish. Older drivers experience physical changes that can affect driving ability such as: changes in v... Free Essays on Winter Visitors Free Essays on Winter Visitors As winter approaches, many elderly â€Å"snowbirds† have returned to Florida to enjoy the mild weather. Because of several â€Å"close encounters† with elderly drivers who were driving erratically, the writer wished to discover if those individuals have more accidents than do their younger counterparts. A casual review of the literature shows that older drivers become more crash-prone with age, even though they drive less miles. In addition, because older drivers are more fragile, their fatality rates are 17 times higher than those of 25- to 64-year olds. The problem at hand is the high accident and death rate associated with a large population of elderly drivers. Last year, a woman sitting in the nail salon, enjoying a refreshing manicure looked up to see a bright red Cadillac coming through the shop window, stopping just short of a startled patron. Fortunately, no one was injured. The newspaper report of this incident stated that the 87 year old driver was in a hurry to get to her appointment, and drove into the parking lot at an excessive speed. When she thought she was putting her foot on the brake, she actually stepped on the accelerator and drove through the window. The newspaper also stated that this was not an uncommon cause of similar accidents- thinking that the accelerator pedal was the brake pedal. America is undergoing a major demographic transformation. The â€Å" graying of America† has resulted in an increase in the number of elderly drivers. Drivers over 70 years of age number 18 million today, up from 13 million in 1985. Why do these very experienced drives have such an excessive number of accidents? Although driving seems an easy activity, it actually requires the complex coordination of many different skills. Sometimes, when elderly drivers are the ones behind the wheel, this coordination is hard to accomplish. Older drivers experience physical changes that can affect driving ability such as: changes in v...

Nuclear Proliferation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nuclear Proliferation - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the Kellogg- Briand Pact of 1928 was a treaty signed to bring to end wars between countries in Europe. The International safeguards system has attempted to contain the spread of nuclear weaponry. Later in 1968, a treaty on Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons was signed to see to it that there were no cases of nuclear technology spreading especially to new states. This treaty is by far the only confirmation that nations using nuclear weapons were to see to it that disarmament was achieved. It was also to ensure that the spread of nuclear technology to careless and malicious people was curbed. Vertical and horizontal proliferation have been issues of concern. Over 190 parties are in consent with this treaty probably because of the fear that these nuclear weapons may end up in the hands of terrorists or failed states. The bombing of Hiroshima and then Nagasaki city three days later were considered the two single terror acts ever. The U.S.A planned to attack Japan so as to subdue it. Before America attacked Japan and other states, it sent leaflets around warning them of the impending attacks. The leaflets further said that the U.S.A was aware of these cities harboring warehouses and factories with nuclear weapons. The leaflets also said that there was need to end the war and that the only way this was going to be achieved is by sabotaging all the weapons of mass destruction. America administered this warning with the aim of making the civilians flee the mentioned cities before the attacks. This sanction that was placed on Japan was not out of spite for the Japanese people but the weapons that were made in that country. This event in history is important as it looks into the ways that different states used so as to curb the problem of weapons of mass destruction falling into the wrong hands. In this case, America was aware that the weapons under the custody of Japan were going to fuel the World War II further. The Japanese government sur rendered on 10th August 1945.

Advantages might employees see in working for a truly global company Essay

Advantages might employees see in working for a truly global company - Essay Example In other words, the global companies operating outside of their home country in as much as possible would want their track records in a highly impeccable standard to ensure effective operations. Foreign companies operating overseas are found to have significant concern on human resource management prior to maximizing effective operations (Farley et al., 2004). According to Farley et al. (2004), maximizing efficiency and striving for superior quality are top priorities in the core values of MNC subsidiaries in China, which are synonymous with ability and performance as key considerations in promotion and salary. This potential point is primarily related with cultural issue. Global companies especially originating from other countries will tend to adapt and put a high value of consideration of cultural issues. Thus, this might be clearly emphasized in the HR (Human Resource) context. The very reason is the point that the human resource is highly associated with cultural background. In fact, every organization has specific cultural context which at some point would remarkably give potential impact on how the general human resource is dealt with. For example, the parent firm is normally known to formulate its corporate culture which can be observed in its core values, amidst the existing culture and tradition in the host country as this is significantly viewed to maximize effective operations and achievement of competitive advantage (Farley et al., 2004). Working therefore in companies like this will prove to be challenging but promising at some point due to the fact that in an organization diverse culture orientations can be remarkable (McSweeney, 2002). The probable difference between MNC subsidiaries and Multi-National Enterprise from a home country is therefore the presence of foreign culture in the former that could be simultaneously integrated with the firms’ organizational culture prior to

Gun Control Policy in the US: An Analysis

Gun Control Policy in the US: An Analysis Gun ControlIntroduction Gun control remains the biggest challenge to security agencies in America. It has claimed several innocent lives thus leading to great moaning in the United States. Similarly, several people have been left crippled as a result of gun crime and violence. The challenge lies in the issuance and ownership of unlicensed guns in the United States. In order for the gun crime rate to decrease governments should control gun distribution and illegalize its possession with no exception to any circumstances. Gun violence can therefore be defined as the use of firearms to cause harm. The term also denotes the general misuse of guns. It therefore may be broadly be described as a class of crime and violence committed using firearms which may or not cover actions of self defense, law enforcement practices, sports, hunting among others (Alexander, 2003). It encompasses deliberate use of firearms to kill, cause injury or threaten individuals. It is common among adolescents and children who end up caus ing trouble among them and in the general public. The thesis of this paper is, â€Å"Gun control in America.† Implementation of Gun Control Mechanisms There are several ways in which gun control can be implemented. Borrowing from the UK experience and legislation, gun control should be the sole duty of the government as well as private security firms. There is need to decentralize security issues in the United States since the police seem to be overwhelmed by the sheer volumes of crime that they are expected to deal with gun violence in the United States is rampant and has claimed several innocent lives. There are various types of criminal activities ranging from pick-pocketing to international terrorism. Criminal activities are usually accompanied with violence which is fatal and costly. Crime has remained on the increase for a very long period of time. This has always threatened the security of many people, cased loss of lives and destruction of property among other costly effects. As a result, everybody around the globe including renowned leaders like the U.S President is worried of the current insecurity cases in the world. Alt hough a lot of effort has been incorporated in the war against insecurity, recent findings reveal that cases of violence are still high. Many analysts argue that the war against crime in a collective responsibility which has to involve everybody regardless of gender, race or age. Among many incidences which are reported on a daily basis, gun violence has turned out to occur more frequent than any other form of criminal activity. What amazes is how people are accessed to guns so easily including children. In fact, easy accessibility to guns is what makes the war against gun violence to be complicated and quite demanding (Alexander, 2003). There are a number of factors which have also been considered as major contributors to high rates of gun violence. It is important to note that gun violence can only be handled if there is controlled gun distribution and illegalization of its ownership. Although it is a collective responsibility, governments have a considerable bulky responsibility to undertake. As strategies to deal with gun violence continue being formulated, United States of America remains the leading country in the world with highest levels of gun violence. Gun crime laws in USA and statistics Approximately 60-80% of homicide cases in America are as a result of firearms. Despite these alarming rates and figures, gun control in U.S is very reluctant. This laxity in gun control is augmented by a number of factors including politics and politicians. Many influential people have vested interests and decide to use guns to fulfill their target. American constitution also affects efforts to deal with gun violence. For instance, the second amendment of the U.S constitution was as a result of conflict between federalists and ant-federalists in 1789. The clause recognizes the existence of militia groups which have to be organized to protect and give security to the state with un-infringed bearing of arms (Steve, 2004). According to the public opinion, many people believe that they have the right to own a gun without questioning. However, some people argue that the second amendment was meant to affect Americans serving in the militia service and not just any normal citizen as perceiv ed publicly. According to Steve Pudlo, the first gun regulation in the United States of America was in 1911 after an attempt to assassinate William Gaynor who was by then serving as New York mayor. It was until the shooting of Senator Robert Kennedy in 1968 and Martin Luther King that the federal gun control act was passed and became law. It has always been perceived that the United States later developed immune towards horrific gun crimes (Steve, 2004). This is because when of the incidence which occurred in 1999 where two boys shot twelve students and a teacher in Colorado. Although there was pressure from all over for the approval of gun control guidelines, the bill was buried in the House of Representatives. This analysis shows that control of guns has been the major cause of increased gun violence in the united of America making it ranked position one on the world map. What many people do not understand is whether politicians and other influential American personalities feel the need of cont rolled gun ownership and distribution. According to National Crime Victimization Survey, U.S records the highest number of gun violence cases every year. As stated in the survey report, ten percent of all violent crimes that took place between 1993 and 2001 involved the use of firearms. In addition firearm crimes have always been on the increase in the United States for a long period of time. Many people continue to be confronted by gun armed gangs and individuals on a daily. Policy Recommendations for Gun Control Although control of gun distribution and ownership in America and most parts of the world has remained a mirage, many people are optimistic that a permanent solution to the problem exists. As mentioned by Victor Spooner, the best solution to the problem of gun violence can well be understood by getting to the root cause of this security plague that continues to threaten world security. He critically analyzes the role the media in encouraging gun violence in America and around the world. He notes that since the discovery of various media channels, societies have significantly been changed (Victor, n.d.). Although, media educates and augments elimination of some vices in the community, it has as well contributed moral degradation and promoted antisocial behavior among the youth and the general public. Victor Spooner, a social analyst and author of many books covering social life goes a head to analyze how media elites of companies like Hollywood have influenced Americans perception ove r the use of guns in relation to heroism. According to Spooner, Hollywood is one of the major vocal advocates for gun control. He argues that these elites promote antisocial behavior like gun violence through music and movies which not only watched in America alone but across the globe. The government has the greatest responsibility in dealing with criminal activities. It must guard against illegal ownership of gun. It is important to limit people who are supposed to own guns. In relation to these conditions thorough survey should be done prior to allowing the use of a gun by an individual (Alexander, 2003). Such survey should mainly cover the history of an individual in terms of mind soundness and social stability. It would of great importance for people to undergo psychiatric tests before accessing guns. This would ensure that people with mental instability are not allowed to own guns because of their likelihood to misuse. In addition, parents have to emphasize the need of peaceful coexistence among families. It would be better if neighbors embraced good interpersonal relationships for the purpose of ensuring peace and lowering of gun violence cases in the society. Religious teachings should be embraced at all times (Patrick, 2009). This is because of their strong opposition with regard to gun violence and other anti social behaviors. In addition, personnel weapons which work for only one person should be introduced to avoid sharing of firearms. Firearm finger printing can also be used to trace lost and found guns. A serious ban on guns like the one in United Kingdom can work well for the U.S. This would limit the number of people who are legally allowed to posses guns. Although a lot of efforts have been incorporated in the war against Gun violence, it remains rampant in the United States. The war itself is far from being won with everybody being called upon to join hands in combating this global scourge. However, as all these efforts are being involved, it is important to note that governments have the biggest responsibility in dealing with crime. Laws have to be formulated to control distribution of guns and illegalize their ownership. American politics have also been mentioned in regard to causes of gun violence and the uncontrolled distribution of guns across the nation (Obanyi, 2008). There has been laxity in politicians efforts to formulate laws which would cover gun ownership and distribution. For instance, the second amendment of the American constitution legalized militia groups and ownership of guns. According to Spooner, most media channels expose the use of guns as an achievement. This is very common in media violent material like horror movies in which the use of guns is considered as an achievement; many gun users are seen prosper and move from one stage to another without being nabbed by security units (Victor, n.d.). As a result, many youths end up emulating actions taken by most of these actors especially in relation to use of guns to commit criminal activities. Although the media industry denies having links with gun violence, many people believe that this is mainly a form of propaganda that is aime d at promoting and protecting the interests of the entertainment industry. Victor Spoon concludes his analysis by stating that televisions, movies and other media channels inspire gun violence through thuggish music and videos. In addition, the United States government should also develop a policy that is in tandem with the societal problems. For instance, areas known for high crime prevalence should never be allowed to have many individuals possessing guns. Community policing perhaps comes in handy towards ensuring that gun control becomes a success in the United States. The U.K has been so successful in this aspect. The security agents should obtain special government license to carry out random checks in order to crack down on the number of illegal guns owned by some of the United States residents. This will ensure that there is a bit of responsibility when it comes to gun ownership. In the U.K. the police can be able to tell approximately how many individuals own guns. This has bolstered gun control magnanimously. References Alexander, D. (2003). Gun Violence in America: The Struggle for Control. London: UPNE. Obanyi, T.R. (2008). Security in the United States. Cambridge: Oxford University Press. Patrick, F. F.(2009). The Real Root Causes of Violent Crime: The Breakdown of Marriage, Family, and Community.14 May, 2009. â€Å"Private possession of guns: the good bad of it.† Retrieved September 09, 2009 from Richard, F. (n.d.). How worried should we be about the extent of gun crime on our streets? Retrieved September 09, 2009 from Steve, P.. (2004). Gun Control and Crime. Retrieved September 09, 2009 from Victor, S. (n.d.). The root causes of gun violence. Retrieved September 09, 2009 from

Marketing Strategies for Businesses Essay -- Business Marketing Essays

Marketing Strategies for Businesses Introduction: Samuel Whitbread established Whitbread plc in 1742, originally as a beer producing company. Since then, Whitbread has moved from strength to strength incorporating wider varieties of businesses under its wing with each growth. Today, Whitbread owns and operates some of the most popular business in restaurants, hotels and leisure and health. Beefeater Vision 'To make Beefeater the first choice as a great place to eat and drink.' The Lydiard Travel Inn, Beefeater restaurant, Pub and Touchbase is situated just off junction 16 of the M4, beside the Hilton International. It has a 150 seater Beefeater restaurant, which is open all day from breakfast for overnight guests until evening dinner. For Beefeater to function efficiently and effectively the marketing team must analyse past performance and present trends, and attempt to predict the future in the form of marketing plan. There are a number of planning techniques and processes which have been used successfully, they are:  · SWOT analysis  · Marketing mix  · Boston matrix  · Ansoff strategy  · PEST analysis Objectives  · To comply with the task that has been set by the Beefeater manager. This is to identify the following objectives and present fresh new ideas for the business. This task will try to solve her problem of relatively low growth and boost sales to increase revenue.  · To identify the external forces influencing the competitive environment of the U.K. hospitality market.  · Identify the strengths and weaknesses of the Lydiard Beefeater through an internal audit.  · To identify the political, economic social and technological influences on the Lydiard, Swindon. ... ... of 35-44 yr olds, and 4% of 45+ yr olds agreed. 6% were "currently a meat eater but would like to become a vegetarian". 25% thought that is not "safe and healthy", rising to 34% in 15-24 yr olds. 36% of non-vegetarians would consider becoming a vegetarian if they felt animal farming was cruel. 82% felt that in the future there will be more vegetarians. 75% felt that in the future people will eat less meat. 80% claimed to prefer to buy food that is cruelty free and good for the environment These statistics clearly show that there needs to be a provision for vegetarian customers. The data however would need to be compared to more recent data to check validity and to identify any trends in the data such as cruelty to animals. Bibliography Customer questionnaire Advanced business www.Beefeater.co.uk www.ask.com

Crime and Senator Joseph Estrada

The most discussed law these days is Republic Act 7080 otherwise known as the law on plunder. Seen as a deterrent to prevent public officials from stealing money from the government, the plunder law was passed in 1991 with the most significant signatory being one Senator Joseph Estrada. In this edition of the Law Professor, we shall now examine the intricacies of the Plunder Law. What is plunder and how is it committed?According to Section 2 of RA 7080, plunder is committed when a public officer who, by himself or in connivance with members of his family, relatives by affinity or consanguinity, business associates, subordinates or other persons, amasses, accumulates or acquires ill-gotten wealth through a combination or series of overt or criminal acts as described in Section 1 (d) of RA 7080 in the aggregate amount or total value of at least Fifty million pesos (P50,000,000. 00).In addition, any person who participated with the said public officer in the commission of plunder shall likewise be punished. The criminal acts described in Section 1 (d) are as follows: 1. Through misappropriation, conversion, misuse, or malversation of public funds or raids on the public treasury; 2. By receiving, directly or indirectly, any commission, gift, share, percentage, kickbacks or any/or entity in connection with any government contract or project or by reason of the office or position of the public officer concerned; 3.By the illegal or fraudulent conveyance or disposition of assets belonging to the National government or any of its subdivisions, agencies or instrumentalities or government-owned or controlled corporations and their subsidiaries; 4. By obtaining, receiving or accepting directly or indirectly any shares of stock, equity or any other form of interest or participation including the promise of future employment in any business enterprise or undertaking; 5.By establishing agricultural, industrial or commercial monopolies or other combinations and/or implementat ion of decrees and orders intended to benefit particular persons or special interests; or, 6. By taking undue advantage of official position, authority, relationship, connection or influence to unjustly enrich himself or themselves at the expense and to the damage and prejudice of the Filipino people and the Republic of the Philippines. In the original version of RA 7080, the offender was liable only if the aggregate amount amassed is at least Seventy-five million pesos(P75,000,000. 00) with the corresponding penalty of life imprisonment with perpetual absolute disqualification from holding any public office. However, RA 7659 (The Death Penalty Law) amended Section 2 of RA 7080, and lowered the amount to Fifty million pesos and increased the imposable penalty to death, to wit: Sec. 12. Section 2 of Republic Act No. 7080 (An Act Defining and Penalizing the Crime of Plunder) is hereby amended to read as follows: â€Å"Sec. 2. Definition of the Crime of Plunder; Penalties.– Any public officer who, by himself or in connivance with members of his family, relatives by affinity or consanguinity, business associates, subordinates or other persons, amasses, accumulates or acquires ill-gotten wealth through a combination or series of overt criminal acts as described in Section 1 (d) hereof in the aggregate amount or total value of at least Fifty million pesos (P50,000,000. 00) shall be guilty of the crime of plunder and shall be punished by reclusion perpetua to death.Any person who participated with the said public officer in the commission of an offense contributing to the crime of plunder shall likewise be punished for such offense. In the imposition of penalties, the degree of participation and the attendance of mitigating and extenuating circumstances, as provided by the Revised Penal Code, shall be considered by the court. The court shall declare any and all ill-gotten wealth and their interests and other incomes and assets including the properties and sha res of stocks derived from the deposit or investment thereof forfeited in favor of the State.† Section 4 of RA 7080 also prescribes the method for proving that the crime of plunder was committed. It states that for purposes of establishing the crime of plunder, it shall not be necessary to prove each and every criminal act done by the accused in furtherance of the scheme or conspiracy to amass, accumulate or acquire ill-gotten wealth, it being sufficient to establish beyond reasonable doubt a pattern of overt or criminal acts indicative of the overall unlawful scheme or conspiracy.